• Adapter - A mechanical media termination device designed to align and join fiber optic connectors. Also known as a coupling, bulkhead, or interconnect sleeve.

  • Armor - Additional protective element beneath outer jacket to provide protection against severe outdoor environments. Usually made of plastic-coated steel, it is sometimes corrugated for flexibility.

  • Backbone Cabling - The portion of premises telecommunications cabling that provides connections between telecommunications closets, equipment rooms, and entrance facilities. The backbone cabling consists of the transmission media (optical fiber cable), main and intermediate cross-connects, and terminations for the horizontal cross-connect, equipment rooms, and entrance facilities. The backbone cabling can further be classified as interbuilding backbone (cabling between buildings), or intrabuilding backbone (cabling within a building).

  • Bandwidth - Measure of the information-carrying capacity of an optical fiber Note: This term is often used to specify the normalized modal bandwidth (MHz-km) of a multimode fiber.

  • Bandwidth Distance Product - The information-carrying capacity of a transmission medium is normally referred to in units of MHz-km. This is called the bandwidth­-distance product or, more commonly, bandwidth. The amount of information that can be transmitted over any medium changes according to distance.

  • Cable - An assembly of optical fibers and other material providing mechanical and environmental protection.

  • Cable Assembly - Optical fiber cable that has connectors installed on one or both ends. General use of these cable assemblies includes the interconnection of optical fiber cable systems and opto-electronic equipment. If connectors are attached to only one end of a cable, it is known as a pigtail. If connectors are attached to both ends, it is known as a jumper or patchcord.

  • Cable Bend Radius - Cable bend radius during installation infers that the cable is experiencing a tensile load. Free bend infers a smaller allowable bend radius since it is at a condition of no load.

  • Central Member - The center component of a cable. It serves as an antibuckling element to resist temperature-­induced stresses. Sometimes serves as a strength element. The central member material is either steel, fiberglass, or glass-reinforced plastic.

  • Cladding - The material surrounding the core of an optical waveguide. The cladding must have a lower index of refraction to keep the light in the core.

  • Coating - A material put on a fiber during the drawing process to protect it from the environment and handling.

  • Core - The central region of an optical fiber through which light is transmitted.

  • Dielectric - Non-metallic and therefore, non-conductive. Glass fibers are considered dielectric. A dielectric cable contains no metallic components.

  • Dispersion - The cause of bandwidth limitations in a fiber. Dispersion causes a broadening of input pulses along the length of the fiber.

  • Fiber - Thin filament of glass. An optical waveguide consisting of a core and a cladding that is capable of carrying information in the form of light.

  • Fiber Optics - Light transmission through optical fibers for communication signaling.

  • Fusion Splice - A permanent joint produced by the application of localized heat sufficient to fuse or melt the ends of the optical fiber, forming a continuous single fiber.

  • Horizontal Cabling - The portion of telecommunications cabling that provides connectivity between the horizontal cross-connect and the work-area telecommunications outlet. The horizontal cabling consists of transmission media, the outlet, the terminations of the horizontal cables, and horizontal cross-connect.

  • Jumper (Patchcord) - Optical fiber cable that has connectors installed on both ends.

  • Mechanical Splicing - Joining two fibers together by permanent or temporary mechanical means (vs. fusion splicing or connectors) to enable a continuous signal. The CamSplice is a good example of a mechanical splice.

  • Multi-Fiber Cable - An optical fiber cable that contains two or more fibers.

  • Multiplex - Combining two or more signals into a single bit stream that can be individually recovered.

  • PE - Abbreviation used to denote polyethylene. A type of plastic material used for outside plant cable jackets.

  • PVC - Abbreviation used to denote polyvinyl-chloride. A type of plastic material used for cable jacketing. Typically used in flame-retardant cables.

  • PVDF - Abbreviation used to denote polyvinyl­difluoride. A type of material used for cable jacketing. Often used in plenum-rated cables.

  • Receiver - An electronic package that converts optical signals to electrical signals.

  • Repeater - A device used to regenerate an optical signal to allow an increase in the system length.

  • Riser  - Pathways for indoor cables that pass between floors. It is normally a vertical shaft or space. Also a fire code rating for indoor cable.

  • Scattering - A property of glass that causes light to deflect from the fiber and contributes to optical attenuation.

  • Splice Closure - A container used to organize and protect splice trays. Typically used in outside plant environments.

  • Splice Tray - A container used to secure, organize, and protect spliced fibers.

  • Splicing - The permanent joining of bare fiber ends to another fiber.

  • Telecommunications Closet (TC) - An enclosed space for housing telecommunications equipment, cable terminations, and cross-connects. The closet is the recognized cross-connect between the backbone and horizontal cabling.

  • Transmitter - An electronic package used to convert an electrical information-carrying signal to a corresponding optical signal for transmission by fiber. The transmitter is usually a Light Emitting Diode (LED) or Laser Diode.

  • Wavelength - The distance between two successive points of an electromagnetic waveform, usually measured in nanometers (nm).

Fiber Cables - Common Terms
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